Writing a precis

The commentary or précis of a reading/article conveys what you understood, learnt, and how you might use the knowledge. Consider expanding your commentary to include a section for a critical or analytical interpretation, i.e. what is the intention of the authors, who is the audience, how valid are the claims?

Style #1. Simple Q&A pattern...

• Q: Who are the authors?
• Q: What is your key takeaway from this article?
• Q: Can you highlight one key quote for the audience?
• Q: What do you think is the value or importance of this article?
• Q: So where are we today in terms of this topic?
• Q: another question?

Style #2. Written paragraph or section pattern...

• Sentence 1:Name of author, genre, and title of work, date in parenthesis; a rhetorically accurate verb (such as "claims," "argues," "asserts," "suggests"); and a THAT clause containing the major assertion or thesis statement in the work. 
• Sentence 2: An explanation of HOW the author develops and supports the thesis, usually in chronological order. 
• Sentence 3: A statement of the author's apparent purpose, followed by an "in order to" phrase. 
• Sentence 4: A significant quote from the paper used in a sentence.

Writing tips:

Focus on the article being reviewed, not so much on other readings, books, articles etc.

Please do identify key quotes from the article. These a short statements or at most a sentence or two that distil some essential aspect of the article. A key quote is used: to point to the authors' evidence or claims; to make a justification for your own arguments; to act as a foundation for your own ideas. However, there must be clear delineation between the authors' content and your use of it.

• For quotes: use quotation marks followed by cite.
• For paraphrasing: follow with cite.
• For extracts and transformations like lists and tables: explain source followed by cite.
• When reviewing, do not quote the author's quotes of other authors. Instead, quote an original passage written by the author of the article you are reviewing.

Please use double quotation marks and page number to identify "the quoted text" p. 23. You could apply one of the standard citation methods if you like e.g. Harvard style:

• (Surname et al., Publication Year, p.#)
• (Surname et al., Publication Year, pp.#-range)

Something like "some text" (Surname et al, 2033, p.7), or similar according to the citation standard required for the document.

Relax and play

Take timeout and feel free to play some of the Board Games in the Smurfit restaurant...

1. Ticket to Ride
2. Saboteur
3. Hanabi
4. Ubongo – (completely in german)
5. Bang!
6. Love Letter 
7. Dixit
8. Carcassone + Carcassone Expansion box 
9. Stratego
10. Risk

Exercise: World Café (and Word Cloud)

World Café exercise

The World Café: A method to learn from and harness the power of groups.

https://theworldcafe.com/key-concepts-resources/world-cafe-method/

4/5 people per group max

#1. Find words. Individual activity – 7” quiet, write notes.

#2. Share. Connect, cluster, name, move, organize, link

  This happens on a shared wall/whiteboard

#3. Assign champions.

#4. 10”/round. Others move around over three rounds. Champion gives each a voice. Champion facilitates a conversation. Champion helps scribe.

  First move; second move; third move.

#5a. 3” Champion synthesis. Devise a single key discovery and debrief to the wider group.

#5b. Alternate synthesis. 30" arrange a coffee break for the participants and the champions to come together to harness the materials that were gathered during the group rounds. Create a distillation/synthesis by drawing, sketching, writing, and/or typing up, a sense-making dialogue or cartoon or flow diagram or combination of all, to present by way of debriefing to the wider group. Will you ask them to create a combined synthesis or separate?

Word Cloud. An extra step, visualising words

What are the challenges of digital innovation?

Enter your response in the following form.

https://forms.gle/mUuGq7pTcnXxhs2T7

Admin to paste and share the results in the word cloud generator (free and requires no download).

Scope for the Term Paper (2023)

Game Design Evaluation (2023)

This year's term-paper is a practical project evaluating a boardgame in order to create a digital version and/or improve its digital version. I'd really like the student projects to focus on a recent indie (independent) game, rather than a recent mainstream game.

A design evaluation of an indie boardgame released at Spiel 21, Spiel 22 or Spiel 23 e.g. see the Spiel website or scanned programme guide. SPIEL ESSEN - https://www.spiel-essen.de/en/ 

Spiel - Guide, Essen 2021 (link to scanned copy)

Spiel - Guide, Essen 2022 (link to scanned copy)

Some tips below:

You can think of a design evaluation as a document that describes and encapsulates the whole product. For a game you would describe, analyse, test, evaluate and relate the product's artistic, project, technical, and commercial elements. Create a story that people such as the designer, investor and publisher, would benefit from learning what you learnt about the product. It could be a useful input for a journalist to use in preparation for writing a product review. Content and structure may include any/all of the following...

Pitch warm-up

---------

In a sentence “It’s like…”

Single player, multiplayer, puzzle, builder, collaborative, cooperative, competitive, open-world, sandbox etc?

Family/Adult, player age, number of players, time to play. Casual vs campaigning etc. 

Background research

----------

Inspiration? 

Genre?

Related titles in this genre? 

Published influences, related and similar titles (even, if you look for it, references in the game literature!!!!) 

Design structural elements

--------

Game design elements? Gamifications?

Outcomes? Win/lose? Display/sharing?

The application of emotion principles?

The application of the uncertainty principles?

Narrative backdrop constructed by the design

Narrative potential constructed by the players

Complexity, scope? Too much, too little?  

Developer perspective

------

Paper prototype or mockups?

Any playtest feedback?

Comment on ease to ‘onboard’ new players? Simple version, complex version. House rules.

Identified ideal player types, market segment? Appeals to who?

Market perspective

-------

Potential to adapt or expand, levels, extent, add-ons, expansions? Is it a platform.

Market size of equivalent or similar titles?

Route to market? (publisher, self-publish, kickstarter, crowdfund)

Packaging/presentation? (box, components, online, platforms) look and feel.

Countries/languages? Cultural fit. Suggest markets. 

Product Production: Value, costs, price, effort

--------

Price-point/Pricing? Cost to design/develop?

Cost to service/operate?

IP or licensing questions?

Potential to rebrand or repurpose the ‘engine’ to another genre?

Term paper / Research Project and Presentation Guidelines

THE RESEARCH PROJECT

0. Scope

The scope for this year's research project, the Game Design Evaluation (2023), is outlined in the document linked here...
https://managingdesignanddevelopment.blogspot.com/2023/09/scope-for-term-paper-2023.html

1. Goal

To write up original methodological research in the style of an academic research article.

Study a product (see Scope above) using a small selection of product-design research methods chosen by you (but not surveys or questionnaires). You will apply a small number of empirical research methods to scrutinise an object or system that you have access to can interact with people who use it. Your aim is to better understand the use of the object. A secondary aim is to form an opinion on the efficacy of the chosen methods. You will generate data and findings applicable to the object (and methods).

Apply two or more chosen research methods (in addition to literature review): You will gather primary research data, applying chosen research methods empirically to technology objects, and their contexts and use situations. These activities are supported by literature review and secondary documentary data, for example scholarly articles etc. which support the main objective - conducting field research.

Tips on how to start this project...

Attempt to gather various kinds of data that you can analyse to make substantial inferences. Contrast your findings with those of other published studies (i.e. mentioned in your literature review).

• Phrase your investigation as a question - the "Working Title".  Initially, phrase a research question as the title of the paper (you can change it later).
• Identify an exemplary paper that you aspire to emulate or to compare your own paper with. 
• Write a statement of intent: This will probably evolve into the 'abstract'. Restate and expand on the research question in the abstract (you can change it later when you have analysed your findings).
• Consider Research Access: Do you have an interest in a particular product, or contacts in a company developing a product? Do you have access to a company that you would like to better understand or experience working on a project that would benefit from being studied like this?

A rubric for your proposal - ask yourself...

1. Wording of the Title stated as a question? 

2. Is/are the research target(s) identified? 

3. Is/are the research target(s) accessible? 

4. Are research methods stated? 

5. Are the research methods suited? 

6. Did you use the template? 

2. Deliverables: Term-paper plus video presentation

Term-paper: Paper May Not Exceed Ten Pages Including References. 

A 1-page Personal Reflection to be written and included as an appendix.

Appendices are not included in the page count limit.

Video presentation: The video presentation can give a concise overview of the subject matter and impact of your term-paper in a short video format (4-minute duration).

You are expected to create your own original narration and/or spoken audio content, similarly you should utilise as much of your own visual/graphical material as possible. You can of course utilise various elements sourced elsewhere (subject to licence) as background or linking pieces, e.g. diagrams, music etc. if needed as content or for artistic balance.

Grade deduction if the presentation/video has text-to-speech narration or uses 'canned animation.'

While not being graded separately from the term-paper, no presentation video results in losing half the available mark for the research project.

3. General pointer on writing...

The term paper is written in an academic style, presenting your background reading, method, research, analysis, theorising and critiquing aspects, for example of the history, situation, processes etc of a particular sourcing context. 

 
You must use the scientific conference template for the Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS). Choose between either the LaTeX or Word template - copies of both are available on Google Drive, links below.

• Word template (https://drive.google.com/)
• LaTeX template (https://drive.google.com/)
• Papers should be submitted in Brightspace as a ".pdf" file.

Most important! Please ensure that any direct use of 3rd party material (particularly internal documentation) is presented within quotation marks or boxed or otherwise marked in some way and with the appropriate citation/identification.

4. Structure of a typical journal style paper - not all sections may be needed

Title
The title and abstract should both capture the essence of the study.

Abstract 

Introduction / Literature (positioning)
Give a brief introduction to the literature and positioning for the study.

Research Design / Methods / Context
Outline your research protocol, approach etc.

Data / Findings
Tell the story, provide the evidence, findings, account or narrative.

Analysis / Discussion
Analysis and discussion allow you to draw out the significance of what you have discovered. This is where you can apply/trial various analytical models or produce your own interpretation of the data, in order to better understand the evidence.

Conclusions
Conclusions summarise the findings concisely, often in a page. This is an overall synthesis distilling your analysis and its relevance to theory and the literature.

Bibliography/References
The bibliography/reference section is crucial to get right as it is the index to prior research and literature that you have referred to previously.

Appendices (if needed)
Use appendices to provide additional detail if necessary. Usually data samples, or intermediate representations, for example a sample of the data analysis process, coding frames, stages in the coding and summary or intermediate categories from data.

5. Grading

Grading will consider the following criteria:

1. The research project is clearly explained.
2. Critical positioning in literature.
3. Empirical work, data and evidence presented.
4. Overall quality of the document as a finished product.
5. Contributions are clear.

A brief explanation of letter grade descriptors is provided below.

Modular (letter) grades.

A+/A

• The report is suitable for submitting to conference, journal, or executive with little revision.
• There is a compelling logic to the report that reveals clear insight and understanding of the issues.
• Analytical techniques used are appropriate and correctly deployed.
• The analysis is convincing, complete and enables creative insight.
• The report is written in a clear, lucid, thoughtful and integrated manner-with complete grammatical accuracy and appropriate transitions.
• The report is complete and covers all important topics.
• Appropriate significance is attached to the information presented.
• Research gathered is summarised in some way, research and analytical methods described and discussed, evidence linked to argument and conclusions.

A-/B+

• The report may be suitable for submitting to conference, journal, or executive if sections are revised and improved.
• There is a clear logic to the report that reveals insight.
• Analytical techniques used are appropriate and correctly deployed.
• The analysis is convincing, complete and enables clear insight.
• The report is written in a clear, lucid, and thoughtful manner-with a high degree of grammatical accuracy.
• The report is complete and covers all important topics.
• Appropriate significance is attached to the information presented.

B/B-

• The report may be suitable as a discussion draft for further development or refinement.
• There is a clear logic to the report.
• Analytical techniques are deployed appropriately.
• The analysis is clear and the authors draw clear, but not comprehensive conclusions for their analyses.
• The report is written in a clear, lucid and thoughtful manner, with a good degree of grammatical accuracy.
• The report is substantially complete, but an important aspect of the topic is not addressed.
• The report may have used or presented some information in a way that was inappropriate. 

C

• The report may be suitable as a preliminary draft but needs substantial revision in a number of areas to develop further.
• The basic structure of the report is well organised but may need rebalancing.
• The content of the report may be partial, incomplete or unfinished with important aspects not addressed.
• The report used information that was substantially irrelevant, inappropriate or inappropriately deployed.
• The report’s analysis is incomplete and authors fail to draw relevant conclusions.
• The report may contain many errors in expression, grammar, spelling.

D/E

• The report may appear to be preliminary, speculative, and/or substantially incomplete.
• Whatever information provided is used inappropriately.
• The structure of the report may be inappropriate or need substantial reorganisation and/or rebalancing.
• There may be little analysis, evidence may not be founded, the findings may be inconclusive.
• The report appears to frequently use information that is substantially irrelevant, inappropriate or inappropriately deployed.
• The report may be poorly written, organised and presented.
• Frequent errors of grammatical expression.

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